Watch it on the NIICE Nepal YouTube channel

Event Report

The event talked about India and the United States as two democracies. Spearheaded by Professor Salvatore Babones, the discussion covered topics such as the changing geopolitical paradigm, the role of democracies, and the influence of intellectuals and diasporas on political systems. The speaker also addresses the rise of nationalism and populism and compares different forms of authoritarianism in various countries.

In the webinar, Prof. Babones discussed the evolving nature of authoritarianism and new forms of governance. He explains that authoritarianism was originally defined as a form of rule legitimated by authority, not necessarily implying strict or oppressive rule. However, he notes that the concept of authoritarianism has evolved in modern political science, particularly with the rise of different leaders in India and the United States, such as Narendra Modi and Donald Trump, respectively. He points out that while Modi and Trump may not fit the classic definition of authoritarian leaders, they have been able to appeal to the populace over traditional authorities in society. This has led to a redefinition of democracy and the emergence of new theories in political science, which have given rise to what he terms “liberal authoritarianism.”

This new form of authoritarianism is characterized by leaders who may not fit the traditional mould of oppressive dictators, but who still exhibit authoritarian tendencies and seek to consolidate power through populist appeals and the erosion of democratic norms. This includes the use of media, judicial appointments, and the influence of intellectuals and diasporas to further their political agendas. Prof. Babones’ analysis highlights the changing landscape of governance and the need to understand the nuances of authoritarianism in the modern context, especially as it pertains to democracies like India and the United States. He emphasizes the importance of recognizing these shifts in order to effectively address the challenges posed by new forms of authoritarianism and their impact on democratic institutions.

Furthermore, he discussed the evolution of political power in India and the future of Indian politics. The discussion focused on the changing dynamics of power within the country’s political landscape. It highlights the shift in influence from the traditional comprador elite, which historically had ties to colonial powers, to a more nationally-rooted elite.

The evolution suggests a reconfiguration of political power dynamics, with the potential decline of the old comprador elite. This shift could have significant implications for the future of Indian politics, potentially leading to the emergence of new political forces and a reconfiguration of the existing two-party system dominated by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Indian National Congress.

The discussion also hints at the possibility of a locally-rooted party challenging the established political order, indicating a potential diversification of the political landscape and the emergence of new political actors. This evolving political scenario suggests a dynamic future for Indian politics, with the potential for a more diverse and competitive political environment.

Prepared by Nina Katherine M. Achol, NIICE Intern